India's Foreign Policy [V.P Dutt] by V.P. Dutt, alsopdfRole of micelle formation on the kinetics of phase transitions in ternary aqueous systems containing urea, sodium dodecyl sulfate and the tris(2-aminoethyl)amine hydrochloride.
Effects of the urea concentration on the phase behavior and the kinetics of phase transitions in the systems of an aqueous solution of 1,2-dibutyloxy-3-dodecyloxycarbonyloxypropane (Boc-(CH(2))(9)OC(2)H(5)) with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine hydrochloride (TEA-HCl) were studied by (1)H-NMR spectroscopy and light scattering techniques. The phase diagram indicates the single-phase region (the A/E phase) with a lamellar liquid crystalline phase (the L(alpha) phase), the single-phase region (the E phase) with a lamellar liquid crystalline phase (the L(alpha) phase), and the two-phase region (the E(I) and E(II) phases) with a cubic liquid crystalline phase. Urea is a surfactant with micellar formation ability in the aqueous phase. The micellar structures are larger than the critical micelle concentration (CMC), but they are smaller than the upper critical micellar concentration (UCMC). The small micelles are easily to move through the L(alpha) phase. Therefore, the A/E phase is relatively less stable than the E phase. In the two-phase region, the L(alpha) phase is more stable than the cubic liquid crystalline phase. The micelle formation plays an important role on the stability of the A/E phase because it causes a structure transition of the L(alpha) phase to the A/E phase.1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a plasma display panel and, more particularly, to a driving method and a driving apparatus for a plasma display panel.
2. Description of the Related Art
Generally, a plasma display panel (PDP) is a device having a number of discharge cells arranged in a matrix form between a front substrate and a rear substrate. More specifically, one of the substrates is coated ac619d1d87
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